
An idle thought I had was about the transporters on Star Trek. If matter is digitized in some way and transmitted over an analog frequency through space, the data rate needed to pull that off would have to be incredible.
So, what is the current SOTA data rate from space? No surprise, it’s with the James Webb Space Telescope.

The maximum throughput is 28 Mbps, equivalent to the best ADSL Internet service. There are also a couple of side channel links running at dialup modem speed.
https://spectrum.ieee.org/james-webb-telescope-communications
However, during the Artemis 2 Moon mission, the data rate was almost ten times faster. By using lasers, communication ran at a maximum of 260 Mbps.
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20250010065
Which is still well below the download speed I’m seeing right now from the porch.

In November, Voyager 1 will achieve the amazing milestone of being 1 light-day away from Earth. What’s the current data rate between Voyager 1 and Earth? An extremely modest 160 bps down/16 bits up.
https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/instruments/
In other space news, the Perseverance Rover is about to complete a total of 26.2 miles, a marathon distance, on Mars.
By using the Mars orbiters for communication with Earth, the Perseverance data rate is up to 2 Mbps.
https://www.l3harris.com/sites/default/files/2021-02/L3Harris-IMS-EO-Sellsheet-Rover.pdf#


